The Selling of Alaska to the USA: The Unforgettable Historical Episode

The purchase of Alaska by the United States from Russia in 1867 is a fascinating episode in American and Russian history. This event, known as the Alaska Purchase, officially ended the period when Alaska was a Russian colony and became the 49th U.S. state in 1959.

The Historical Context

Alaska, now a vast and diverse landscape, has a rich history that dates back centuries. The Russians were the first Europeans to settle the area in the 18th century. They eventually established a permanent presence and named their colony 'Svalbarka,' which later became 'Alaska.' The decision to sell Alaska to the United States was driven by the high costs and challenges of maintaining a distant possession.

The Treaty of 1867

The Russian-American Treaty, signed on March 30, 1867, formally transferred ownership of Alaska to the United States. The price tag for this land as large as Western Europe was 7.2 million dollars—approximately two cents per acre or 4.74/square kilometer. This transaction was seen as a significant diplomatic event, reflecting the changing global political landscape of the mid-19th century.

Myths and Misconceptions

Despite the historical significance of the Alaska Purchase, many misconceptions surround the transaction. Some claim that the U.S. paid in gold that was never delivered, citing alleged sinking of American ships. However, the treaty clearly specifies that the payment was made in cash and the transfer was official upon receipt. The U.S. government paid the full amount through Russian banks, and the transaction was finalized.

Alaska in 1867

Before the acquisition, Alaska was far from a state. It was a remote Russian territory that saw limited development due to its inhospitable climate and extensive wilderness. Despite the harsh conditions, Alaska held significant strategic importance for Russia, particularly for its warm-water port access. The sale marked a significant shift in the region's governance and opened the door to American influence and development.

The Path to Statehood

After the Alaska Purchase, the territory went through several administrative changes. It became an organized territory on May 11, 1912, and was officially admitted as the United States' 49th state on January 3, 1959. This long journey to statehood reflects the gradual integration of Alaska into the broader American society and economy.

Economic and Demographic Factors

Today, Alaska's economy, though not without its challenges, is characterized by several unique features. Despite its low population, it boasts a high per capita income, partly due to its rich resources. Alaska remains a land of opportunity, particularly for those involved in mining, fishing, and tourism. The Alaskan landscape, combining hilly and cool terrain, contributes to its low population density, yet also offers stunning natural beauty and outdoor recreation opportunities.

Conclusion

The sale of Alaska to the United States in 1867 was a landmark event that shaped the future of both countries. It's a testament to the complex and often misunderstood dynamics of international relations and the changing tides of history.

Keywords: Alaska Purchase, 1867, Russian-American Treaty